HC-12 SI4463 433MHz UART TTL RF Transceiver Module 1000m Range

The HC-12 is a wireless RF serial port transceiver module, designed to create a transparent data link between two devices using UART TTL communication.

This module integrates the SI4463 RF chip and an internal microcontroller, allowing data to be transmitted and received in the 433.4 to 473.0MHz band without requiring the user to directly manage the radio section. For the host circuit, operation is similar to a serial connection: UART data sent on one side is transmitted by RF and received by another compatible module.

With 3.2V to 5.5V supply voltage, 3.3V and 5V UART TTL interface, 20dBm maximum transmit power and up to 1000m reference range, the HC-12 is suitable for wireless communication projects, telemetry, automation, remote sensors, monitoring systems, robotics and microcontroller projects.

The module supports transparent transmission modes, including FU1, FU2 and FU3. FU3 is the default mode and prioritizes maximum speed. For longer range, lower baud rates and a suitable antenna are recommended. Real range always depends on antenna, power supply, speed, obstacles, interference and site conditions.

This module is not Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. It is a serial RF solution, intended for point-to-point links or simple communication between compatible HC-12 modules.

Main features

Wireless RF transceiver module
Model: HC-12 / HC12
RF chip: SI4463
Communication type: transparent UART TTL
Frequency band: 433.4 to 473.0MHz
Common frequency: 433MHz
Reference range: up to 1000m
Maximum transmit power: 20dBm
Supply voltage: 3.2V to 5.5V
Communication interface: 3.3V / 5V UART TTL
Typical UART speed: 1200 to 115200 bps
Default speed: 9600 bps
Operating modes: FU1, FU2 and FU3
Default mode: FU3
Idle current in FU3 mode: approximately 16mA
Idle current in FU1 mode: approximately 3.6mA
Idle current in FU2 mode: approximately 80µA
Antenna interface: spring antenna / antenna socket
Approximate dimensions: 27.4 x 13.2 x 4mm
Minimum operating temperature: -25°C
Maximum operating temperature: +75°C
Module type: RF serial transceiver
Category: Bluetooth / Wi-Fi / RF / LAN modules
Manufacturer / brand: not specified by supplier
Suitable for Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi and other UART-compatible systems

Recommended applications

Wireless serial communication
Arduino projects
ESP32 projects
Raspberry Pi projects with compatible UART interface
Low-speed telemetry
Remote sensors
Automation and remote control
Robotics
Monitoring systems
Microcontroller-to-microcontroller communication
RF projects in the 433MHz band
Point-to-point links between HC-12 modules
Remote stations and small data systems
DIY electronics and radio projects

Important note

Before use, always confirm the supply voltage, UART logic levels, pinout, communication speed, operating mode, antenna, power level, selected frequency and legal compatibility of the RF band in the country of use.

The 1000m range is a reference value and depends strongly on real conditions, including line of sight, antenna, installation height, obstacles, interference, transmission speed and power supply quality. For longer range, use a lower baud rate and a suitable antenna.

This module uses wireless serial communication and normally operates in half-duplex mode, so it should not be treated as a permanent full-duplex connection. For important applications, it is recommended to implement acknowledgement, retransmission and data verification in the software to reduce losses caused by interference or communication failures.

The use of RF modules must always comply with local regulations applicable to the 433MHz band, including power limits, channel selection, duty cycle and intended use.